1. What is PPE?
PPE is personal protective equipment shorthand term for PPE means any one or more individuals to prepare for damage to health and safety or the risk of wearing the device or apparatus with holders. Mainly used to protect employees from exposure to radiation, chemical, electrical equipment, manpower equipment, machinery or workplace in a number of dangerous and cause serious injury or disease. In addition to masks, safety glasses, safety shoes outside, a lot of personal protective equipment, including respiratory protective equipment, protective clothing, including helmets, goggles, hearing protection (ear plugs), safety gloves, safety shoes, respirators and safety belts.
Work purposes, including: protective shoes, goggles protective shoes, goggles
Family with: sunglasses and gardening gloves sunglasses, gardening gloves
Entertainment: helmets for biking, in-line/roller skating biking, skating helmet use when
Personal protective equipment statements comply with CE marking directives and other instructions PPE the health and safety requirements.
PPE should include:
(A) with several devices or appliances assembled by the manufacturer as a whole, and to protect individuals against one or more potential risk of a simultaneous combination of equipment;
(B) to perform certain activities or individuals who use and wear personal protective equipment, non-separable or inseparable manner to assemble in one of the protection device or apparatus;
(C) To enable these devices have the satisfaction of the essential features and exclusive use of interchangeable PPE components.
(D) together with any PPE placed on the market, used to PPE and another external, additional device connected to the system, even if the system is in a dangerous environment, not to always wear the entire period or who use, the device shall be deemed to part of.
2. PPE, including product
a. design of some simple models of PPE, when the designers that user can evaluate the prevention of danger to their lowest level of protection, you can do does not require an EC type test. The lowest risk are those such role is gradual and is perceived by the user in a timely manner to safely out of danger.
Such PPE shall be limited to protect the wearer against:
- Acting on the mechanical action of the epidermis (gardening gloves, thimbles, etc.);
- The role of small, easy to remove for cleaning materials (dilute detergent solution for anti-gloves, etc.);
- Dealing with the risks encountered when hot workpiece, such risks will not put the user at temperatures above 50 ℃ or the not so dangerous to the user by the collision (such as certain occupational-specific gloves, aprons, etc.);
- For neither special, nor extreme atmospheric environment protection (helmet, seasonal clothing, footwear, etc.);
- The body does not hurt the Department of fatal and irreparable damage to partner smaller collision and vibration (light helmet, gloves, light footwear, etc.);
- Sunlight (sunglasses).
b. design of complex, designed for the prevention of prevention may be dangerous or deadly serious, and irreparable harm to the health risks of PPE, the designer estimates the instantaneous risk of the user role for this late notice, in this case , selected by the manufacturer, the use of two procedures described in section 11 in a. Type of PPE should be limited to:
- For protection against solid or liquid aerosols or irritant, dangerous, toxic or radioactive toxic gas filter breathing device;
- Isolated from the atmosphere for complete respiratory protection devices, including diving with breathing protection device;
- Ionizing radiation to chemical corrosion or provide only limited protection of PPE;
- The role of the equivalent temperature above 100 ℃, and may have to infrared radiation, flames or large jet of molten material is characterized by high-temperature environment of the first aid equipment;
- In effect the equivalent of temperature -50 ℃ low temperature environment the following first-aid equipment;
- Used to guard against falling down from a height of PPE;
- And voltage for electric shock hazard preparedness or for insulation from the high-pressure job in the role of PPE.

The PPE Directive does not apply to types of list
1. For the armed forces or to maintain law and order with the design and manufacture of PPE (helmets, shields, etc.).
2. For self-defense PPE (,******** smoke canisters, etc.).
3. For individuals to prepare for the following hazards and the design and manufacture of PPE:
- Unfavorable atmospheric environment (headgear, seasonal clothing and footwear, umbrellas, etc.);
- Damp and water (dishwashing gloves, etc.);
- Heat (gloves, etc.).
4. Used to protect or rescue the crew on the ship or aircraft, and non-always wearing PPE.
5. For two or three-wheeled motorcycle rider's helmet and goggles.
Second, why do?
1. We are now faced with the situation:
Help manufacturers to eliminate trade barriers, to open the EU market.
2. On the PPE Directive (89/686/EEC)
• From 1 July 1992 to start using
• cover all types of personal protective equipment
• dedicated, self-made, sports and recreational facilities with the
• level of technology at this stage, the protective efficacy, ease of use and comfort to achieve the best match between
Health and safety requirements of the three levels
• for all general requirements for personal protective equipment (such as: ergonomic, non-toxic and harmless, the maximum personal protection manufacturers to provide users with information ...)
• for individual types of personal protective of additional requirements (such as: PPE overall adjustment system, PPE aging, the explosion environment, PPE, liquid circulation system PPE)
• Additional requirements for specific risk (such as: prevention of mechanical impact, sliding caused by falls, drowning, noise damage, ionizing and non ionizing radiation, hazardous substances and infectious media protection ...)

Third, how do?
Category
Level of risk
Conformity assessment procedures
I simple design of the PPE, the minimum protection (accounting for 10% of PPE)
Self-certification

II do not include I, III class, including all PPE (PPE accounted for 80%)
By an independent laboratory

III for protection can result in fatal or serious health risk of irreversible damage to the complex design of the PPE (PPE accounted for 10%)
By an independent laboratory
+ Manufacturing process quality assurance

Types of Personal Protective Equipment
A head protective equipment Head protective equipment for defense against the head from external objects, hazards, and other factors to take personal protective equipment.

As noted in the protection requirements, there are mainly ordinary working cap, dust cap, water cap, cold caps, helmets, anti-static cap, anti-high-temperature caps, anti-electromagnetic radiation hats, caps and other insect nine categories of products.

Second, respiratory protective equipment

Respiratory protective equipment is to prevent harmful gases, vapors, dust, smoke, fog inhalation through the respiratory tract or directly to users with pure oxygen or air, to ensure that in the dust, toxic pollution or hypoxic environment in the operating personnel with normal breathing protection appliances.

Respiratory protective equipment according to the functions are divided into a dust mask and respirator (mask), according to the form can be divided into two types of filter and isolated.

Third, eye and face protective equipment

The prevention of smoke, dust, metal sparks and flying debris, heat, electromagnetic radiation, laser, chemical splash and other damage the eyes or face personal protective equipment as eye and face protection products.
  According to protection can be divided into dust, waterproof, anti-middle-click, high temperature, anti-electromagnetic radiation, anti-radiation, chemical splash, anti-wind, anti-glare nine categories.
China's current production and use of the more common three types:
    (1) Welding goggles and face masks. Prevention of non-ionizing radiation, metal sparks and smoke and other hazards. Welding goggles sub-ordinary glasses, the former hanging mirror, anti-side-mirror 3; hand-held welding mask sub-mask, headband-style mask, helmet mask, helmet mask and other types of glasses hanging in front.
    (2) kilns goggles and face masks. Prevention of furnace, kiln and a small amount of infrared radiation from visible light, ultraviolet light damage to the human eye. Furnace into goggles goggles and face shields, goggles and protective masks three kinds.
    (3) shock eye protective gear. Prevention of iron filings, sand, gravel and other foreign material impact on the eye injury. Shock brace into protective eye glasses, goggles and mask three. Protective eyewear is divided into ordinary glasses and glasses with side shields. Goggles and face shield is divided into open and closed two.

Fourth, the auditory organ protective equipment
To prevent excessive sound can invade the ear canal, make noise to avoid over-stimulation of the ear, reducing hearing loss, prevention of noise-induced adverse effects on the human individual protective equipment. The main organ of hearing protective equipment earplugs, earmuffs and anti-noise helmet three categories.

Fifth, the hand protection products
Protective hand and arm function for the operator to wear gloves when working as hand protection products, people usually called labor protective gloves.

Personal Protective Equipment classification in accordance with the code protection feature standard hand protection products will be divided into 12 categories: general protective gloves, waterproof gloves, cold gloves, protective gloves, anti-static gloves, anti-high temperature gloves, anti-X-ray gloves, acid proof gloves , glove oil, shock gloves, cut resistant gloves, insulated gloves.

Six foot protective equipment

Foot protective equipment to prevent the production of harmful substances and energy injury commonly referred to brace the foot of workers labor protection shoes.

Protection of national standards into dust by shoes, waterproof shoes, cold shoe, anti-shock shoes, anti-static shoes, anti shoes, high temperature, anti-acid-base shoes, shoes, oil, anti-hot feet shoes, non-slip shoes, anti-puncture shoes , shoes, electrical insulation, shockproof shoes thirteen.

Seven trunk protective equipment

Torso protective equipment is what we usually talk about the protective clothing. Protective clothing under the protection into ordinary protective clothing, waterproof clothes, winter clothes, anti-smashing back clothing, protective clothing, fire-retardant clothing, anti-static clothing, anti-high temperature service, anti-electromagnetic radiation suits, acid suits, oil service, Water jackets, anti-insect, anti-fourteen sand products.

Eight, skin care products

Skin care products for the prevention of skin (mainly face, hands and other exposed parts) from the chemical, physical hazards and other factors. In accordance with protection, skin care products are divided into anti-virus, anti-radiation, anti-paint, and other categories.

Nine, fall protection supplies

Fall protection products is to prevent the body from falls, by rope, the height of the operator's body system connected to a fixed object, or the bottom edge in the job net in place to prevent accidental fall, these products are safe and safety nets with two.



CE Marking:
Including any requirements for CE marking of products, one of the following steps:

Simple design / Class I

· Meet the basic health and safety requirements
· The preparation of technical documents
· Development of EC declaration of conformity
· Apply for CE marking

Medium Design / Class II

· Meet the basic health and safety requirements
· The preparation of technical documents
· EC type inspection
· Development of EC declaration of conformity
· Apply for CE marking

Complex design / Class III

· Meet the basic health and safety requirements
· The preparation of technical documents
· EC type inspection
· According to Article 11 product control / quality system
· Development of EC declaration of conformity
· Apply for CE marking

Technical documentation (Class II and Class III):
File must contain enough information to identify the product, such as the general assembly drawings, parts lists, and other materials and material grades. If the product is inconsistent according to the standard identification, the document must describe how to meet the basic requirements of each application. Technical documentation should also include a testing and inspection programs.

Quality of the file
Class III devices (section 8 (4)) to follow the manufacturer must specify the methods of management, the first section 11.A or 11.B. The manual should be submitted outlining how to meet the applicable requirements.
Product / Quality supervision:
Section 11.A of the required product management system documents and annual selection of product samples for independent testing to use.
Section 11.B of the quality system requirements for each year of assessment and monitoring; common minimum standard is ISO9001: 2000.